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Phase angle

Phase angle is an electrical quantity derived from resistance and reactance. It is most useful as a trend under comparable conditions and in the context of water distribution, not as a standalone health grade.

Where to find it: Whole-body phase angle and segmental phase angle among the additional parameters.

Illustration of a cell membrane and phase-angle electrical waves

Relationship guide

From the whole body to segments

First check the whole-body value at the same frequency and under comparable conditions. Then use the segmental view to ask whether one body region behaves differently from the whole.

  1. 011. Whole-body phase angle relates two measured componentsResistance describes opposition in body fluids; reactance describes the time shift created at cell membranes. Phase angle expresses their relationship.
  2. 022. Segmental values show distribution, not a separate diagnosisThe arms, trunk and legs can be compared with one another and with the whole-body trend, but each segment has different dimensions and electrical properties.

01

1. Whole-body phase angle relates two measured components

Resistance describes opposition in body fluids; reactance describes the time shift created at cell membranes. Phase angle expresses their relationship.

The 50 kHz value is not an amount of muscle or water, and it is not “cell quality”. It is an angle calculated from electrical data that can shift with measurement conditions and fluid distribution.

Manufacturer documentation does not provide one universal cut-off for a good phase angle. Read the absolute number cautiously, do not casually compare different devices, and prefer your own series of measurements.

  • Compare the same frequency and device type.
  • Follow a repeated direction rather than a small difference between two visits.
  • Phase angle is neither a health score nor a diagnosis.
Whole-body phase angle
Right and left side
Trend under comparable conditions
Teaching diagram — these are not your measured data.

Explained values

Phase angleWBPAPhase angle is an electrical quantity in degrees describing the relationship between reactance and resistance measured as current passes through the body — a value for following a trend, not a grade for your health.Impedance and reactanceBIAImpedance and reactance are the raw electrical data the device actually measures — every other value on the result sheet is calculated from them.ECW RatioECW/TBWThe ECW Ratio states what share of total body water sits outside the cells; it describes distribution, not health status.Intracellular waterICWIntracellular Water is the volume of water inside the cell membranes in litres, and the manual puts it at roughly 62 percent of total body water in a healthy person.
Related guides: Phase angle on InBody: what it says and what it does not →Related guides: Bioimpedance / BIA: what InBody shows, what it does not and when it makes sense →

02

2. Segmental values show distribution, not a separate diagnosis

The arms, trunk and legs can be compared with one another and with the whole-body trend, but each segment has different dimensions and electrical properties.

Segmental phase angle helps show whether a whole-body shift appears similarly in all body regions or is concentrated in one segment. Read right and left sides alongside segmental water and lean mass.

Do not compare a segmental number directly with the whole-body value or with a value measured at another frequency. A one-off asymmetry may relate to posture, electrode contact or fluid distribution and does not establish its cause.

  • The whole-body value summarises; segments show distribution of the same electrical principle.
  • A side-to-side difference needs confirmation in repeated measurement.
  • Look for the cause in context rather than in the angle alone.

Explained values

Phase angle by segmentSegmental phase angle gives the phase angle separately for the right arm, left arm, trunk, right leg and left leg, at three frequencies: 5, 50 and 250 kHz.Phase angleWBPAPhase angle is an electrical quantity in degrees describing the relationship between reactance and resistance measured as current passes through the body — a value for following a trend, not a grade for your health.Lean mass by segmentSegmental Lean Analysis shows how much non-fat tissue — mostly muscle — falls to each of the five body parts: right arm, left arm, trunk, right leg and left leg.ECW Ratio by segmentECW/TBWThe segmental ECW Ratio shows what share of the water in each arm, in the trunk and in each leg sits outside the cells.
Related guides: Phase angle on InBody: what it says and what it does not →Related guides: Segmental InBody analysis: arms, legs and trunk →

Evidence used

The hub combines the manufacturer description with expert reviews of bioimpedance and phase angle. It does not impose a universal health cut-off where results depend on the device, frequency and population.

Content reviewed · 2026-07-26

Explanations make the most sense alongside your own trend.

The public guide is open to everyone. The client portal adds your own value, history and the context of a specific measurement.

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